Showing posts with label Gun Trench. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Gun Trench. Show all posts

Sunday, 8 November 2015

Croix de Guerre for Private Jackson



Monday 8th November 1915: Yesterday General Haig, commanding 1st Army yesterday presented 4/6722 Pte W Jackson with the French decoration, the Croix de Guerre. This man was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal for the following act of gallantry. On the night of 30th September, near Hulluch, when the enemy had gained a footing in Gun Trench he continued firing his machine guns although attacked on three sides. On his gun failing he picked it up and retired across the open for 50 yards with the Germans at his heels and succeeded in regaining our trench(1).

Source: X550/3/wd


(1) Sadly Lance Corporal Walter Jackson, as he became, died of wounds on 3rd July 1916. He was from Hertfordshire and is buried in Dive Copse British Cemetery, Sailly-le-Sec.

Thursday, 1 October 2015

2nd Bedfords’ Commanding Officer Killed


Major Monteith

Friday 1st October 1915: The adjutant of the 2nd Bedfords, still holding the front line near Hulluch at Gun Trench tells us that last night, about 9 pm Germans were seen running over the open on the Battalion’s right as they had penetrated into the gun emplacement held by the 2nd Battalion Royal Scots Fusiliers adjoining the Bedfords’ position.

The enemy were then working round the rear of a post of Bedfordshire Regiment bombers near the Scots and they were the assailed by bombs from three sides. This party of bombers made its way back to the rest of the Battalion with great difficulty.

Meantime the men holding the right of the Battalion position had been forced to give way and were holding a block made about 20 yards down the trench. The Germans came on, bombing with great violence, and owing to the clumsiness of the Ball Grenades with which our bombers were mostly armed, it was found hard to cope with them(1).

Two Machine Guns that had been in Gun Trench and had got isolated, managed to extricate themselves by moving alternately and covering one another's retirement with machine gun and rifle fire. These guns were mounted on the parapet of a trench called Stone Alley, and assisted to prevent the enemy's bombers coming across the open.

At about 1 a.m. a counterattack by grenade-throwers was attempted, this made some progress but the supply of good bombs was very limited to give a chance against the great numbers thrown by the enemy. At this point Second Lieutenant E F S Dyer was wounded.

Towards dawn under Orders from Brigade Headquarters 30 yards of Stone Alley was filled in and a block established. The Germans had been throwing bombs hard all night, and had been trying to work round the flanks. They had also brought up a machine gun to fire down Stone Alley. The Battalion’s own machine guns were able to deal with this.

We have just heard some additional and sad news from the adjutant of the 2nd Battalion, that their commanding officer was killed a few minutes ago. Their old CO, Lieutenant-Colonel Cranleigh Onslow was wounded on 25th September and Major John Cassels Monteith had assumed command. He was shot whilst directing work on the block in the trench mentioned above. He was 39, the son of a minister, Rev. John Monteith of Glenluiart, near Moniaive  in Dumfriess-shire.

The adjutant reports that since the opening moments of the Battle of Loos on 25th September the Battalion has lost 355 men. Of these just 45 have been killed, 40 are missing believed killed or captures and 270 wounded.


Source: X550/3/wd

(1) The ball grenade is shown at the top of the page, it was replaced by the Mills Bomb by the end of 1915

Sunday, 27 September 2015

The Battle of Loos – Second Day


The 7th Division Attack at Loos (Official History of the War - Military Operations in France and Belgium 1915 - Vol II)

Monday 27th September 1915: The battle of Loos entered its second day yesterday but 2nd Bedfords played little part in it. They were left to man Gun Trench until 8 pm when they were relieved and went back to the original German front line.

The 8th Battalion, nearby, forming part of 24th Division were ordered at 3 am yesterday morning to support 9th Battalion, Norfolk Regiment in an attack on the quarries [shown in yellow on the above plan] from which rifle fire hit the 2nd Battalion in their advance yesterday.

The morning was thick and misty. The Battalion advanced north from la Rutoire in open formation as far as the Vermelles road [shown in yellow on the above plan]. Their advance was four hours behind that of the Norfolks and when they came on trenches occupied by the Cameron Highlanders(1) they discovered that they knew nothing of the whereabouts of the Norfolks. Patrols were sent out but they failed to get in touch with the Norfolks.

All this while the 8th Bedfords were subjected to severe rifle and shell fire as well as gas bombs. After three hours as no news could be obtained of the Norfolks, so the Commanding Officer decided to reoccupy the front line British trenches, as the Cameron Highlanders stated there was no room in the captured enemy trenches.

On returning to the First Line British trenches the Battalion became somewhat separated owing to portions of the trench being occupied by other units. The Battalion was relieved about 6 pm and returned to Vermelles for the night where they bivouaced. Casualties received were two other ranks killed and Second Lieutenant A G Hodges and 23 other ranks wounded. Colonel E S C Kennedy and two other ranks were gassed(2).

We hope that this Battalion can overcome the disappointment of this somewhat farcical introduction to active service and achieve great things in the future(3).

Sadly we hear that the popular and able commander of 7th Division, Sir Thompson Capper is dead. He was wounded by a sniper yesterday, the bullet passing through both lungs and he died this morning, aged 51(4).

Source: X550/9/1


(1) Probably 1st/4th Battalion, Cameron Highlanders of 21st Brigade, 7th Division (the same Brigade as 2nd Bedfords).
(2) These light casualties contrast strikingly with the 9th Norfolks, who had 64 dead that day.
(3) 8th Battalion do not seem to have been a lucky unit and, by contrast with 7th Battalion, for example, would have a frustrating war.

(4) he is buried in Lillers Communal Cemetery.

Saturday, 26 September 2015

The Bedfords and the Battle of Loos


The Attack of the 7th Division at Loos (The Official History of the War - Military Operations in France and Belgium 1915 Vol II)

Sunday 26th September 1915: We have just heard from 2nd Bedfords who yesterday took part in the big push around Loos, intended to break through the German lines. We understand that while gains have been made the break through as yet remains elusive.

21st Brigade, of which the Battalion forms part, was held in reserve, the other two brigades of 7th Division undertaking the initial assault. At about 11.30 a.m. the Battalion, which had proceeded from the village of Vermelles, entered the former British Front Line. They then advanced on a frontage of two companies immediately north of the road from Vermelles to Hulluch(1) [shown in pink on the above plan]

By this time the 20th Brigade, to which they were acting as support, were already a long way ahead. The Battalion moved across and over the former enemy front line [shown in blue on the above plan] practically without casualties. B Company was on the left, D Company on the right, C Company in support and A Company in reserve. As soon as it began to advance across the open behind the German front line, however, it came under a very heavy rifle fire from the direction of the quarries [shown in yellow on the above plan] and the northern houses of Cité-Saint-Elie.


Captain J W Hurrell [X550/1/81]

The Battalion now suffered severely but continued to advance by rushes of small parties until Gun Trench [shown in red on the above plan] was reached. Second Lieutenant Forward was killed and Lieutenant-Colonel Onslow, Captain and Adjutant J W Hurrell, Captain J W Hutchinson, Second Lieutenant H E Mudford and Second Lieutenant R Hopkins were wounded. Sadly, Captain Hutchinson died from wounds later in the day. Between two and three hundred other ranks also became casualties.


Captain J W Hutchinson [X550/1/82]

Two platoons got about 100 yards in front of Gun Trench, but being unsupported had to fall back by ones and twos – Captain J McM Milling and Second Lieutenant R L Shaw were then wounded. So the Battalion remained in Gun trench holding the gun pits north of the road during the afternoon, digging itself in. At dusk the men of the 20th Brigade who were in the trench were sorted out and rejoined their Brigade. All four Battalion Machine Guns were in the trench.


Captain J McM Milling [X550/1/82]

At about 7 pm A and C Companies were withdrawn from Gun Trench and started digging a Support trench about 100 yards in the rear. At about midnight a number of men were seen coming down the Hulluch Road at a double calling out "Don't shoot we're the Gordons"(2); close behind them came a number of Germans. Almost at the same time the Borders(3) holding Gun Trench south of the road began to retire. At once bombs were rained upon Gun Trench and men began to leave it in increasing numbers, falling back on support trench, where they stopped. The Company on the left of B Company was not attacked and stood firm. Two Machine Guns were with the company and remained in action.


Lieutenant R L Shaw [X550/1/82]

A heavy fire was brought to bear from support trench and shortly afterwards a charge was organised, which was completely successful, practically all the Germans in Gun Trench were killed or taken prisoners, including the artillery captain who led the counter-attack. Second Lieutenant T C Pearson and Second Lieutenant K L Stephenson were killed and Second Lieutenant C J Hunter wounded. The left company suffered some casualties from our own shrapnel during this counter-attack. The rest of the night passed quietly. Two Companies were in Gun Trench and two Companies in the support trench.


Second Lieutenant T C Pearson [X550/1/82]

At the commencement of the action. Captain H de Buriatte commanded A Company, Captain J W Hutchinson commanded B Company Lieutenant R O Wynne commanded C Company and Captain J McM Milling commanded D Company. Second Lieutenant R B Gibson and Lieutenant B R Taylor, both of 3rd Battalion, South Staffordshire Regiment, attached, took command of B and D Companies respectively after Captains Hutchinson and Milling were wounded. Second Lieutenant W J Stonier has become Acting Adjutant.

The 2nd Battalion were not the only ones involved in the battle yesterday. The 8th Battalion, which only arrived in France at the beginning of this month arrived in Béthune in the early hours yesterday and just after midday moved towards the fighting. Their Brigade was ordered to support 72nd Brigade, 24th Division, in a move on Hulluch, meaning they were immediately south of the 2nd Battalion.

The 1st Division reported that it had captured Hulluch but these first, optimistic, reports later turned out to be wrong. Believing a great victory was at hand the Commander-in-Chief decide to throw in the two new divisions, 21st and 24th, to secure the crossings over the Haute Deule Canal to the east. The 24th Division accordingly assembled about la Rutoire farm, south of the Vermelles road believing that little more was require of it than a march after a tired and beaten enemy. The reality proved very different and the adjutant of the 8th Bedfords tells us, candidly, that he was very glad that the division’s orders to attack were countermanded due to the lateness fo the hour and the poor visibility.

Sources: X550/3/wd; X550/9/1


(1) Today’s D39.
(2) Presumably men on 2nd Battalion, Gordon Highlanders, 20th Brigade, 7rh Division.
(3) 2nd Battalion, Border Regiment, 20th Brigade.